主讲人介绍：

        Dorian Q Fuller（傅稻镰），美国籍，世界著名植物考古学专家，英国伦敦大学学院考古学院教授、中国遗产与考古学国际中心（英国）主任，陕西省千人计划特聘专家、西北大学文化遗产学院特聘教授，北京大学考古文博学院客座教授，山东省文物考古研究院特聘研究员，浙江省文物考古研究所特聘研究员。

讲座概要：

        Domestication processes and agricultural origins were both protracted, regional processes. As these processes took many centuries, or a few millennia, they typically extended across time spans beyond that represented by any individual site and thus can be accessible to study through drawing data across multiple sites within a region. The origins of seed crop domestication and grain-based agriculture can be illustrated with a wealth of evidence from Southwest Asia, i.e. the ancient Near East, but also with an emerging picture from evidence in sub-Saharan Africa, at both the western and eastern ends of the Sahel. The Sahelian and Near Eastern evidence provides both parallel processes but also key contrasts in terms of the nature of human settlement, sedentism versus mobility, as well as contrasting economies in terms of the importance of pastoral modes of production alongside plant food production. In west Asia this was associated with sedentism and gradual change to dependence on agriculture. Increased reliance on crops increased as domesticated livestock, especially sheep and goat, became more common. In Africa also livestock and domesticated crops came together an increase site longevity, after 3000 BC in Sudan and after 2000 BC in West Africa. Different reconstructed productivities in Africa and Western Asia meant that site sizes and rates of Neolithic expansion differed between regions. Differences in these processes can be suggested to give rise to differing, longer-term civilisational styles that contrast in particular between the Near East and the African savannas.

        驯化与农业起源都是漫长且具有区域性的过程，由于这些过程历经数个世纪甚至数千年，其时间跨度通常超出了任何单一遗址所能涵盖的范围，因此可以通过整合同一区域内多个遗址的数据进行研究。讲座将重点以两大区域为案例进行阐释：一是西南亚（古代近东），二是撒哈拉以南非洲（尤其萨赫勒地区东西两端），两地的证据共同揭示了籽粒作物驯化与谷物农业起源的发展脉络，既存在平行发展的共性，也在关键方面呈现显著差异。由于非洲和西亚的生产力复原结果存在差异，导致两地的遗址规模与新石器时代的扩张速度各不相同。可以认为，这些进程的差异催生了各具特色的、长期性的文明模式，其中近东地区与非洲稀树草原地区的差异尤为显著。